| 2.1 Rates of
population change vary from place to place and over time |
• Global population change.
• The balance between birth rate and death rate.
• Change due to migration.
• Reasons for changing patterns of birth rates and death rates.
• The demographic transition model.
|
• Change in numbers over the past 2000 years; predicted
change.
• The contribution of birth rate and death rate to population change; an
overview of the differences between patterns in LEDCs and MEDCs.
• The effect of emigration and immigration on population numbers.
• Medical, social, economic and political influences.
• The characteristics of the four stages of the demographic transition
model, and reasons why societies might move from one stage to another; an
awareness that the model is not universally applicable and is dynamic. |
| 2.2 Population
structure and characteristics vary from place to place. |
• Characteristics including age,
sex, ethnic, religious and occupational
structure.
• Population pyramids.
• Differences between rural and urban
populations.
• The impact of youthful and ageing
populations, and the dependency ratio.
|
• An overview of differences between LEDCs and MEDCs; the fact
that this information is collected in a census.
• Population pyramids as a way of representing age and sex balance, and
changing population characteristics (eg decreasing birth rate, bulge due to
migration).
• Differences in characteristics, including age and occupational
structure.
• Impacts on provision of social services (health, education, housing,
pensions)
and employment. Calculating the dependency ratio. |
| 2.3 People live in a variety of settlements of
different sizes. These settlements are often made up of distinct
zones. |
• Physical and
economic factors affecting the location, shape and growth of settlements.
• A study of one urban area in an MEDC
and one in an LEDC to describe and explain
the characteristics and locations of the CBD, twilight zone, industrial areas
and different residential zones. |
• Site descriptions (eg, dry point, bridging point); physical
factors (eg, drainage, gradient, water supply); economic factors (eg,
transport links, mineral resources, port functions).The use of OS and sketch
maps and photographs to identify locational factors.
• The different typical patterns of an MEDC city and one in an LEDC.
Reasons for the patterns in relation to a case study of a city in each type of
country (eg, why high quality housing tends to be found around the northern
edge of Barcelona, but near the middle
of Sao Paulo).
|
